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:''This article is about the P-type -ATPase found in plants and fungi. For the gastric / ATPase (involved in the acidification of the stomach in mammals), see Hydrogen potassium ATPase.'' In the field of enzymology, the proton-ATPase () is an enzyme that catalyzes the following chemical reaction: :ATP + + in ADP + phosphate + out The 3 substrates of this enzyme are ATP, , and , whereas its 3 products are ADP, phosphate, and . This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on acid anhydrides to catalyse transmembrane movement of substances. To be specific, the protein is a part of the P-type ATPase family. The systematic name of this enzyme class is ATP phosphohydrolase (-exporting). -exporting ATPase is also known as proton ATPase or more simply proton pump. Other names in common use include proton-translocating ATPase, yeast plasma membrane -ATPase, yeast plasma membrane ATPase, and ATP phosphohydrolase. == Function and location == The -ATPase or proton pump creates the electrochemical gradients in the plasma membrane of plants, fungi, protists, and many prokaryotes. Here, proton gradients are used to drive secondary transport processes. As such, it is essential for the uptake of most metabolites, and also for plant responses to the environment (e.g., movement of leaves). It is interesting to note that -ATPases are specific for plants, fungi, and protists; and are specific for animal cells. These two groups of P-type ATPases, although not from the same subfamily, seem to perform a complementary function in plants/fungi/protists and animal cells, namely the creation of an electrochemical gradient used as an energy source for secondary transport. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Proton ATPase」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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